Two densification technologies have been in focus during the BIO4Africa project: briquetting and pelletisation. Both use biochar and dry biomass materials to produce household fuel and animal feed.

Cashew and peanut shells, for example, have been used to produce the biochar for fuel briquettes. KRC in Uganda and UASZ in Senegal have installed and validated briquetting equipment for this application.

SAVANET in Ghana and INP-HB have installed extruder pelletisation lines to produce pellets for livestock feed trials with sheep, rabbits, poultry, pigs and cattle.

CIRAD and RAGT Energie tested the raw biomass for the briquetting and pelletisation trials respectively.

A number of BIO4Africa densification studies have been published in international journals. Find them on our research publications page.